{"id":20425,"date":"2022-09-08T12:10:29","date_gmt":"2022-09-08T09:10:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/yildizkor.com\/?p=20425"},"modified":"2022-12-01T16:17:22","modified_gmt":"2022-12-01T13:17:22","slug":"anlasmali-bosanma","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/yildizkor.com\/anlasmali-bosanma\/","title":{"rendered":"ANLA\u015eMALI BO\u015eANMA DAVASI SONRASI YARGILAMANIN YEN\u0130LENMES\u0130 ve PROTOKOL\u00dcN \u0130PTAL\u0130 DAVALARI"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"20425\" class=\"elementor elementor-20425\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-5bcc5a50 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"5bcc5a50\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-7dd670de\" data-id=\"7dd670de\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5d20e234 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5d20e234\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;ekit_we_effect_on&quot;:&quot;none&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.20.0 - 13-03-2024 *\/\n.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-stacked .elementor-drop-cap{background-color:#69727d;color:#fff}.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-framed .elementor-drop-cap{color:#69727d;border:3px solid;background-color:transparent}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap{margin-top:8px}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap-letter{width:1em;height:1em}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap{float:left;text-align:center;line-height:1;font-size:50px}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap-letter{display:inline-block}<\/style>\t\t\t\t<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<h1><strong>ANLA\u015eMALI BO\u015eANMA DAVASI SONRASI\u00a0YARGILAMANIN YEN\u0130LENMES\u0130 ve PROTOKOL\u00dcN \u0130PTAL\u0130 DAVALARI<\/strong><\/h1>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><strong><em>Av. Abdurrahman \u00c7etin*<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><strong><em>(**)<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><strong>GENEL OLARAK<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p>Hukukumuzda \u201cAnla\u015fmal\u0131 Bo\u015fanma\u201d kurumu ilk kez H\u0131fz\u0131 Veldet Velidedeo\u011flu \u00f6nc\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde haz\u0131rlanm\u0131\u015f bulunan \u201c1971 tarihli T\u00fcrk Medeni Kanunu \u00d6n Tasar\u0131s\u0131\u2019nda zikredilmi\u015f devam\u0131nda tasar\u0131 12.05.1988 tarihli ve 3444 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanunla y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe girmi\u015ftir. Sistemli bir kanun maddesi alt\u0131nda d\u00fczenlenmesi ise \u0130svi\u00e7re Medeni Kanun\u2019unda bu ve\u00e7hede ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen revizelerin T\u00fcrk Hukukuna yans\u0131mas\u0131 ile m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmu\u015f ilgili iktisap 22.11.2001 tarihli 4721 say\u0131l\u0131 T\u00fcrk Medeni Kanunu ile ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmi\u015ftir.<a id=\"_ftnref1\" href=\"#_ftn1\">[1]<\/a><\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p>Kanun koyucu anla\u015fmal\u0131 bo\u015fanma davas\u0131n\u0131 T\u00fcrk Medeni Kanunu\u2019nda m\u00fcstakil bir maddede de\u011fil \u201cEvlilik Birli\u011finin Sars\u0131lmas\u0131\u201d kenar ba\u015fl\u0131k madde 166 d\u00e2hilinde d\u00fczenlemi\u015ftir. Bunun nedeni kanun koyucunun, en az bir y\u0131l devam etmi\u015f olan bir evlilikte e\u015flerden birinin a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131 davay\u0131 di\u011ferinin kabul etmesini veya her iki e\u015fin birlikte bo\u015fanma ba\u015fvurusunda bulunmas\u0131n\u0131 evlilik birli\u011finin temelinden sars\u0131lm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011funun faraziyesi olarak g\u00f6rmesidir.<a id=\"_ftnref2\" href=\"#_ftn2\">[2]<\/a> Kanun koyucu anla\u015fmal\u0131 bo\u015fanman\u0131n ger\u00e7ekle\u015febilmesi i\u00e7in madde 166\/3\u2019te zikredilen sair ko\u015fullarla birlikte h\u00e2kimin taraflar\u0131n anla\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 protokol\u00fc uygun bularak onaylama \u015fart\u0131n\u0131 aram\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Anla\u015fmal\u0131 bo\u015fanma protokol\u00fcn\u00fcn bu y\u00f6n\u00fc doktrinde hukuki nitelik tart\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131na neden olmu\u015ftur. Kanaatimizce kanundaki t\u00fcm ko\u015fullar ve yarg\u0131lama sonras\u0131 sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 dikkate al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda anla\u015fmal\u0131 bo\u015fanma aile hukukuna \u00f6zg\u00fc sui generis bir s\u00f6zle\u015fmedir.<\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p>T\u00fcrk Medeni Kanununun 178. maddesinde yer verilen evlili\u011fin bo\u015fanma sebebiyle sona ermesinden do\u011fan dava haklar\u0131n\u0131n, anla\u015fmal\u0131 bo\u015fanma davas\u0131 sonras\u0131 gidilebilirlik kabiliyeti doktrinde tart\u0131\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ancak Yarg\u0131tay<a id=\"_ftnref3\" href=\"#_ftn3\">[3]<\/a> anla\u015fmal\u0131 bo\u015fanma kurumunda<em>\u00a0<\/em><em>taraflar\u0131n bo\u015fanman\u0131n mali sonu\u00e7lar\u0131na ili\u015fkin aralar\u0131ndaki ihtilaf\u0131 nihai olarak \u00e7\u00f6zd\u00fckleri\u00a0ve davan\u0131n mahiyeti gere\u011fi birbirlerine herhangi bir kusur izafesinde bulunmad\u0131klar\u0131ndan TMK madde 178\u2019te zikredilen dava yollar\u0131na gidilemeyece\u011fi y\u00f6n\u00fcnde i\u00e7tihatlarda bulunmu\u015ftur.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><em>\u00a0<\/em>TMK madde 166\/III\u2019\u00fcn ikinci c\u00fcmlesinde \u201c\u2026Bu h\u00e2lde bo\u015fanma karar\u0131 verilebilmesi i\u00e7in h\u00e2kimin taraflar\u0131 bizzat dinleyerek iradelerinin serbest\u00e7e a\u00e7\u0131kland\u0131\u011f\u0131na kanaat getirmesi ve bo\u015fanman\u0131n mal\u00ee sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 ile \u00e7ocuklar\u0131n durumu hususunda taraflarca kabul edilecek d\u00fczenlemeyi uygun bulmas\u0131 \u015fartt\u0131r\u2026\u201d h\u00fckm\u00fcne yer verilmi\u015ftir. Aktar\u0131lan h\u00fck\u00fcm gere\u011fi aile mahkemesi h\u00e2kimi uygun bulma a\u015famas\u0131nda taraflar\u0131n iradesinin fesada u\u011frad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 muvazaa, gabin gibi somut olayda protokol\u00fc ge\u00e7ersiz k\u0131lacak bir durum oldu\u011funa kanaat getirirse protokole onay vermekten ka\u00e7\u0131nacakt\u0131r. Zikredilen durumlardan herhangi birisinin hen\u00fcz karar kesinle\u015fmeden \u00fcst yarg\u0131 mercilerinde tespit edilmesi ya da taraflarca ileri s\u00fcr\u00fclmesi halinde de ilk derece mahkemesinin vermi\u015f oldu\u011fu karar bozularak yerel mahkemeye g\u00f6nderilmelidir.<\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><em>Anla\u015fma temeline dayal\u0131 bo\u015fanma davas\u0131n\u0131n kesinle\u015fmesinden sonra yukar\u0131da zikredilen durumlar\u0131n ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131 durumunda taraflar\u0131n gidebilece\u011fi hukuki yollara ili\u015fkin TMK ya da sair kanunlarda herhangi bir d\u00fczenleme yap\u0131lmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00c7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131n konusunu, irade sakatl\u0131klar\u0131 ya da protokol\u00fcn ge\u00e7ersizli\u011fine neden olacak hallerin anla\u015fmal\u0131 bo\u015fanma davas\u0131n\u0131n kesinle\u015fmesinden sonra \u00f6\u011frenilmesi ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131 veya ifade edilebilecek duruma gelmesi halinde gidilebilecek hukuki imk\u00e2nlar olu\u015fturmaktad\u0131r.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>\u00a0<\/em><em style=\"color: #101010; font-family: Poppins, sans-serif; font-size: 24px; font-weight: bold; letter-spacing: -0.4px;\">1. YAR<\/em><em style=\"color: #101010; font-family: Poppins, sans-serif; font-size: 24px; font-weight: bold; letter-spacing: -0.4px;\">GILAMANIN YEN\u0130LENMES\u0130 DAVASI<\/em><\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:list --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><em>Yarg\u0131laman\u0131n yenilenmesi kesin olarak verilen veya kesinle\u015fen mahkeme h\u00fck\u00fcmlerine kar\u015f\u0131 istenebilmektedir. Bir karar hen\u00fcz kesinle\u015fmemi\u015fse kanundaki sebeplerden biri mevcut olsa bile h\u00fck\u00fcm kesinle\u015fmeden \u00f6nce yarg\u0131laman\u0131n iadesi yolunu gidilemez. Ayn\u0131 nedenle h\u00fck\u00fcm kesinle\u015fmeden \u00f6nce yarg\u0131laman\u0131n iadesini isteme s\u00fcresi de i\u015flemeye ba\u015flamaz. Burada kesinle\u015fmi\u015f h\u00fck\u00fcmlerden kastedilen maddi anlamda kesin h\u00fck\u00fcm te\u015fkil eden kararlard\u0131r.<\/em><a id=\"_ftnref4\" href=\"#_ftn4\">[4]<\/a><em> Hukuk Muhakemeleri Kanunu madde 382\u2019te d\u00fczenlenen \u00e7eki\u015fmesiz yarg\u0131 kararlar\u0131 maddi anlamda kesin h\u00fck\u00fcm te\u015fkil etmediklerinden bu kararlar hakk\u0131nda yarg\u0131laman\u0131n iadesi yoluna gitmek m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fildir. \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmam\u0131z\u0131n konusunu te\u015fkil eden anla\u015fmal\u0131 bo\u015fanma sonras\u0131 verilen karar\u0131n \u00e7eki\u015fmeli-\u00e7eki\u015fmesiz yarg\u0131 kapsam\u0131nda de\u011ferlendirilebilirli\u011fi a\u015fa\u011f\u0131da incelenecektir.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><em>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Yarg\u0131laman\u0131n yenilenmesi sebepleri kanunda tahdidi olarak say\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r ve bu sebepler k\u0131yas yolu ile geni\u015fletilemez. Yarg\u0131laman\u0131n yenilenmesi yoluna davan\u0131n taraflar\u0131 ile taraflar\u0131n k\u00fclli ve c\u00fcz\u2019i halefleri ba\u015fvurabilir. Yenileme talebi bir dava dilek\u00e7esi ile h\u00fckm\u00fc veren mahkemeden istenir. Karar\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klayan mahkeme g\u00f6reve ili\u015fkin yeni bir kanun h\u00fckm\u00fc ile g\u00f6revsiz hale gelmi\u015f olsa bile, yarg\u0131lanman\u0131n yenilenmesi davas\u0131 ilk davaya bakm\u0131\u015f ve h\u00fck\u00fcm vermi\u015f olan mahkemede a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131r.<\/em><a id=\"_ftnref5\" href=\"#_ftn5\">[5]<\/a><\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<h3><em><strong>1.2 Anla\u015fmal\u0131 Bo\u015fanma ve Yarg\u0131laman\u0131n Yenilenmesi Davalar\u0131<\/strong><\/em><\/h3>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><em><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/strong><\/em>Anla\u015fmal\u0131 bo\u015fanmada kabul edilen evlilik birli\u011finin temelinden sars\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131na ili\u015fkin ula\u015f\u0131lan kan\u0131n\u0131n hukuki niteli\u011fi karinedir. \u0130\u015fte tam da bu husus dikkate al\u0131narak <em>irade sakatl\u0131klar\u0131 ya da protokol\u00fcn ge\u00e7ersizli\u011fine neden olacak hallerin anla\u015fmal\u0131 bo\u015fanma davas\u0131n\u0131n kesinle\u015fmesinden sonra \u00f6\u011frenilmesi, ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131 veya ifade edilebilecek duruma gelmesi halinde gidilebilecek hukuki \u00e7areler tespit edilmelidir. Zira evlilik birli\u011finin temelinden sars\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 karinesine dayanarak h\u00fck\u00fcm kuran h\u00e2kimin \u201cvarsayd\u0131\u011f\u0131\u201d alanlar\u0131n asl\u0131nda ve ger\u00e7ekte olu\u015fmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n ispatlanmas\u0131 karinenin somut olayda ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmedi\u011fini g\u00f6sterecektir. Bu ve\u00e7hede a\u015fa\u011f\u0131da kanuna kar\u015f\u0131 hile durumuna mehaz te\u015fkil edecek \u201csaik yan\u0131ltmas\u0131\u201d TMK madde 2\u2019de d\u00fczenlenen \u201ciyiniyet\u201d durumuna uymayacak haller ve irade sakatl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n somut vak\u0131alarda olmalar\u0131 durumunda yarg\u0131laman\u0131n yenilenmesi kurumuna gidilebilirlik kabiliyetleri tart\u0131\u015f\u0131lacakt\u0131r.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><em>Anla\u015fmal\u0131 bo\u015fanma davalar\u0131nda esas olan k\u0131staslar; taraflar\u0131n iradelerini serbest bir \u015fekilde ortaya koymalar\u0131, bu hususun tespitinin kamu d\u00fczenine ili\u015fkin oldu\u011fu, h\u00e2kimin buna ili\u015fkin olaylar\u0131 kendili\u011finden ara\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fidir. Bu durumun aksini ortaya koyan kabul tarz\u0131n\u0131n kanuna kar\u015f\u0131 hileye imk\u00e2n tan\u0131yacak nitelikte oldu\u011funu, e\u015flerin bo\u015fanma konusundaki ger\u00e7ek ama\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n dul maa\u015f\u0131 almak ya da e\u015flerden birinin hacizden kurtulmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamak gibi me\u015fru olmayan ama\u00e7lara hizmet edece\u011fi a\u015fik\u00e2rd\u0131r. Bu sebeple anla\u015fmal\u0131 bo\u015fanma davalar\u0131nda taraflar\u0131n saik konusunda a\u00e7\u0131klama yapma y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc bulunmazken e\u015flerin iradelerinin herhangi bir bask\u0131 alt\u0131nda olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 hususunu h\u00e2kimin denetleme zorunlulu\u011fu bulunmaktad\u0131r. H\u00e2kim i\u00e7in anla\u015fmal\u0131 bo\u015fanma davalar\u0131nda taraflar\u0131n sonuca hangi i\u00e7 nedenle gitti\u011fi kanaatimizce \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131makta olup Yarg\u0131tay i\u00e7tihatlar\u0131 da aktard\u0131klar\u0131m\u0131za dikkat \u00e7ekmektedir. Yarg\u0131tay yukar\u0131da zikredilen kanuna kar\u015f\u0131 hileye mehaz te\u015fkil edecek durumlar\u0131n var oldu\u011fu somut olaylarda, taraflar\u0131n beyan\u0131n\u0131n samimi ve serbest bir iradenin \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn\u00fcn olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131na vurgu yaparak; evlilik birli\u011finin temelinden sars\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131na karine olu\u015fturacak bir irade a\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 sonucuna ula\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/em><a id=\"_ftnref6\" href=\"#_ftn6\">[6]<\/a><\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><em>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/em><em>H\u00e2kim taraflar\u0131n anla\u015fmal\u0131 bo\u015fanma konusunda iradelerinin hi\u00e7bir bask\u0131 alt\u0131nda olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131na kanaat getirmelidir. E\u015fler hi\u00e7bir bask\u0131 alt\u0131nda kalmadan anla\u015fmal\u0131 bo\u015fanma protokol\u00fcn\u00fc h\u00fcr iradeleri alt\u0131nda imzalad\u0131klar\u0131 konusunda h\u00e2kimi ikna etmelidir. Fakat bazen e\u015fler birbiri \u00fczerinde bask\u0131 ve zorlama kurarak anla\u015fmal\u0131 protokoldeki \u015fartlar\u0131 imzalamak hususunda kar\u015f\u0131 taraf\u0131 ikna edebilirler. Yarg\u0131tay\u2019a g\u00f6re taraflar\u0131n anla\u015fmal\u0131 bo\u015fanma davalar\u0131nda anla\u015farak bo\u015fanma taleplerine ve bu y\u00f6nde h\u00fck\u00fcm almalar\u0131na ra\u011fmen h\u00fckm\u00fcn tebli\u011f verilmeyip bir y\u0131l birlikteli\u011fin s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclmesi, a\u00e7\u0131klanan iradelerinin samimi olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6stermektedir. Yarg\u0131tay isabetli olarak bir y\u0131l sonra h\u00fckm\u00fcn tebli\u011f ettirilmesi TMK&#8217;n\u0131n 2. maddesiyle ba\u011fda\u015fmayaca\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcndedir.<\/em><a id=\"_ftnref7\" href=\"#_ftn7\">[7]<\/a><\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><em>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Anla\u015fma temeline dayal\u0131 bo\u015fanma davas\u0131n\u0131n s\u00f6z konusu oldu\u011fu hallerde e\u015flerden birisi esasen bo\u015fanmay\u0131 istemekle birlikte, bo\u015fanma protokol\u00fcn\u00fc mahkemeye sunulan ko\u015fullarda istememesine ra\u011fmen di\u011fer taraf\u0131n aldatma, yan\u0131ltma veya korkutmas\u0131 sebebiyle bo\u015fanma protokol\u00fcn\u00fc imzalamak zorunda kalm\u0131\u015fsa h\u00e2kim bu durumu dikkate almal\u0131d\u0131r. Bu h\u00e2lde h\u00e2kimin, e\u015fin bo\u015fanma protokol\u00fcn\u00fcn olu\u015fumundaki iradesinin sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 olmamas\u0131na dayal\u0131 olarak yani T\u00fcrk Bor\u00e7lar Kanunu madde 37\/I uyar\u0131nca protokole onay vermemesi gerekir. Zira ilgili duruma icazet vermek ya da icazetten sonra ilgili protokol\u00fc iptal etmemek TMK madde 166\/III&#8217;de d\u00fczenlenen \u201cTaraflar\u0131n Serbest \u0130radelerinin Rol Oynamas\u0131\u201d ilkesi ve ko\u015fulunun ihlaline sebebiyet verecektir.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><em>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Anla\u015fmal\u0131 bo\u015fanma yarg\u0131lamas\u0131nda h\u00e2kim, gereken durumlarda protokole m\u00fcdahale etmekle y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcd\u00fcr. Bo\u015fanmaya y\u00f6nelik beyanlar\u0131n\u0131n olu\u015fmas\u0131 ve d\u0131\u015f d\u00fcnyaya yans\u0131mas\u0131 esnas\u0131nda iradeyi sakatlayan hallerin mevcut olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 denetlemek h\u00e2kimin g\u00f6revi d\u00e2hilindedir. H\u00e2kim iradelerin ge\u00e7erli olarak ve ku\u015fkuya yer b\u0131rakmayacak netlikte beyan edilip edilmedi\u011fine y\u00f6nelik denetimi yarg\u0131lama s\u00fcreci sona erene kadar her a\u015famada yapmakla y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcd\u00fcr. Ancak her nas\u0131lsa h\u00e2kim bu hususu g\u00f6zden ka\u00e7\u0131rarak sakatlanm\u0131\u015f bir irade beyan\u0131na ra\u011fmen bo\u015fanma protokol\u00fcn\u00fc ge\u00e7erli say\u0131p taraflarca imzalanan protokol d\u00e2hilinde e\u015flerin anla\u015fmal\u0131 olarak bo\u015fanmas\u0131na karar vermi\u015fse bunun sorumlulu\u011funu taraflara y\u00fcklemenin hakl\u0131 bir taraf\u0131 yoktur.<\/em><a id=\"_ftnref8\" href=\"#_ftn8\">[8]<\/a><em> Hukuk Muhakemeleri Kanununun m.375\/1-h f\u0131kras\u0131nda yarg\u0131laman\u0131n yenilenmesi sebepleri aras\u0131nda lehine karar verilen taraf\u0131n karara tesir eden hileli bir davran\u0131\u015fta bulunmas\u0131 hali say\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Protokol\u00fcn imzalanmas\u0131 esnas\u0131nda kar\u015f\u0131 taraf\u0131n hileli davran\u0131\u015f\u0131 neticesi iradesi sakatlanan taraf, anla\u015fmal\u0131 bo\u015fanma ilam\u0131 kesinle\u015ftikten sonra HMK 375\/I-h f\u0131kras\u0131 uyar\u0131nca yarg\u0131laman\u0131n yenilenmesini talep edebilmelidir. Yarg\u0131tay i\u00e7tihatlar\u0131 da bu y\u00f6ndedir.<\/em><a id=\"_ftnref9\" href=\"#_ftn9\">[9]<\/a><\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><em>Hile, ger\u00e7ekte mevcut olan vak\u0131alar\u0131n bilerek gizlenmesi veya sahte vak\u0131alara istinat edilmek suretiyle di\u011fer taraf\u0131n i\u011ffal edilmesidir. Lehine karar verilen taraf\u0131n karara tesir eden hileli bir davran\u0131\u015fta bulunmu\u015f olmas\u0131 sebebine dayan\u0131larak yarg\u0131laman\u0131n yenilenmesinin istenebilmesi i\u00e7in hileli davran\u0131\u015f\u0131n bir ceza mahkemesi karar\u0131yla tespit edilmi\u015f veya belirlenmi\u015f olmas\u0131na gerek yoktur. Hileli davran\u0131\u015f\u0131n yarg\u0131laman\u0131n yenilenmesi sebebi te\u015fkil edebilmesi i\u00e7in karara etki eden hileli davran\u0131\u015f\u0131n, lehine karar verilen taraftan sad\u0131r olmas\u0131 gerekmektedir. Hangi davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131n hileli say\u0131laca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 yarg\u0131laman\u0131n yenilenmesine davas\u0131na bakacak h\u00e2kim takdir edecektir ancak buradaki hilenin (hileli davran\u0131\u015f\u0131n) di\u011fer kanunlardaki anlam\u0131ndan daha geni\u015f bir \u015fekilde anla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekmektedir.<\/em><a id=\"_ftnref10\" href=\"#_ftn10\">[10]<\/a><\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<h3><em><strong>1.2.1 Anla\u015fmal\u0131 Bo\u015fanma Davas\u0131n\u0131n \u00c7eki\u015fmeli \/ \u00c7eki\u015fmesiz Yarg\u0131 Faaliyeti Olmas\u0131 Tart\u0131\u015fmas\u0131<\/strong><\/em><\/h3>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><em>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Hukuk Muhakemeleri Kanununun 374. maddesine g\u00f6re yarg\u0131laman\u0131n iadesi kesin olarak verilen veya kesinle\u015fmi\u015f olan h\u00fck\u00fcmlere kar\u015f\u0131 istenebilir. HMK m. 388&#8217;e g\u00f6re \u00e7eki\u015fmesiz yarg\u0131 kararlar\u0131 maddi anlamda kesin h\u00fck\u00fcm te\u015fkil etmediklerinden bu kararlara kar\u015f\u0131 yarg\u0131laman\u0131n yenilenmesi yoluna gidilemez. \u00c7eki\u015fmesiz yarg\u0131 HMK\u2019n\u0131n 382 ila 388\u2019inci maddeleri aras\u0131nda d\u00fczenlenmi\u015ftir. Kanunda anla\u015fma temeline dayal\u0131 bo\u015fanmaya ili\u015fkin meselelerin \u00e7eki\u015fmesiz yarg\u0131 i\u00e7erisinde kabul edilerek \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmlenece\u011fine ili\u015fkin h\u00fck\u00fcm yoktur. Ancak \u00e7eki\u015fmesiz yarg\u0131 i\u015fleri kanunda s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 say\u0131da say\u0131lmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00c7eki\u015fmesiz yarg\u0131n\u0131n s\u00f6z konusu oldu\u011fu hallerde ortada bir dava bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 dolay\u0131s\u0131yla taraflar\u0131n mahkemeye bir uyu\u015fmazl\u0131\u011f\u0131n \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc i\u00e7in ba\u015fvurmad\u0131klar\u0131 bilinmektedir. Burada davac\u0131 ve daval\u0131 yoktur. Taraflar sadece mahkeme kanal\u0131yla yerine getirilebilecek resmi nitelikte bir i\u015fin \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc i\u00e7in talepte bulunmaktad\u0131rlar. H\u00e2kim taraflar\u0131n bo\u015fanma y\u00f6n\u00fcndeki beyanlar\u0131n\u0131 her t\u00fcrl\u00fc bask\u0131dan uzak tamamen \u00f6zg\u00fcr iradeleriyle dile getirmi\u015f olduklar\u0131na ili\u015fkin kanaate varmal\u0131 ayr\u0131ca aralar\u0131nda akdetmi\u015f bulunduklar\u0131 protokol\u00fcn kanuna, kamu d\u00fczenine, ahlaka, ki\u015filik haklar\u0131na ayk\u0131r\u0131 unsurlar ihtiva edip etmesi halinde protokol\u00fc onaylamamal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><em>Ayn\u0131 \u015fekilde TMK m. 1010\/I\/b.I gere\u011fi anla\u015fma temeline dayal\u0131 bo\u015fanma davas\u0131nda da taraflar protokole konu edimlerin karar kesinle\u015ftikten sonra zaman\u0131nda ve gere\u011fi gibi ifas\u0131n\u0131 tehlikeye atabilecek olas\u0131 tasarruf i\u015flemlerine kar\u015f\u0131 yarg\u0131lama a\u015famas\u0131nda h\u00e2kimden ihtiyati tedbir talebinde bulunabilmektedir. T\u00fcm bu aktar\u0131lanlar anla\u015fma temeline dayal\u0131 bo\u015fanma davas\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7eki\u015fmeli yarg\u0131 kapsam\u0131nda \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmlenmesi gereken bir uyu\u015fmazl\u0131k oldu\u011funu g\u00f6stermektedir. Yarg\u0131tay&#8217;da istikrarl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde bu y\u00f6nde i\u00e7tihatlarda bulunmu\u015ftur.<\/em><a id=\"_ftnref11\" href=\"#_ftn11\">[11]<\/a><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #101010;\"><strong style=\"font-family: Poppins, sans-serif; font-size: 30px; font-weight: bold; letter-spacing: -0.4px; font-style: italic;\">PROTOKOL\u00dcN \u0130PTAL\u0130 DAVASI<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:list --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p>Bu b\u00f6l\u00fcmde anla\u015fmal\u0131 bo\u015fanma davas\u0131nda karar\u0131n\u0131n kesinle\u015fmesinden sonra irade sakatl\u0131klar\u0131ndan kaynakl\u0131 \u201cprotokol\u00fcn iptalinin\u201d m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olup olmayaca\u011f\u0131 \u00fczerinde durulacakt\u0131r. Anla\u015fmal\u0131 bo\u015fanma davas\u0131 s\u00fcrecinde irade sakatl\u0131klar\u0131 ya da yukar\u0131daki b\u00f6l\u00fcmde zikredilen saiklerden birisinin ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmesi durumunda nas\u0131l bir yol izlenebilece\u011fine ili\u015fkin kanunumuzda herhangi bir d\u00fczenleme yap\u0131lmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Anla\u015fmal\u0131 bo\u015fanma yarg\u0131lamas\u0131nda h\u00e2kim, taraflar\u0131n beyanlar\u0131n\u0131n olu\u015fmas\u0131 ve d\u0131\u015f d\u00fcnyaya yans\u0131mas\u0131 esnas\u0131nda iradeyi sakatlayan hallerin mevcut olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 denetlemekle y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcd\u00fcr. H\u00e2kim iradelerin ge\u00e7erli olarak ve ku\u015fkuya yer b\u0131rakmayacak netlikte beyan edilip edilmedi\u011fine y\u00f6nelik denetimi yarg\u0131lama s\u00fcreci sona erene kadar her a\u015famada yapmakla y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcd\u00fcr. Ancak <em>irade sakatl\u0131klar\u0131 ya da protokol\u00fcn ge\u00e7ersizli\u011fine neden olacak hallerin anla\u015fmal\u0131 bo\u015fanma davas\u0131n\u0131n kesinle\u015fmesinden sonra \u00f6\u011frenilmesi ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131 veya ifade edilebilecek duruma gelmesi halinde<\/em> bunun sorumlulu\u011funu taraflara y\u00fcklemenin hakl\u0131 bir taraf\u0131 yoktur. \u00d6rne\u011fin ikrah alt\u0131na al\u0131narak iradesi fesat edilmi\u015f ve anla\u015fmal\u0131 bo\u015fanma protokol\u00fc kapsam\u0131nda h\u00e2kim \u00f6n\u00fcnde iradesini tekrar etti\u011fi anda d\u00e2hi ikrah alt\u0131nda olan e\u015f bak\u0131m\u0131ndan onaylanan protokol\u00fcn iptali m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p>Yukar\u0131da bahsedilen iptal davas\u0131 Medeni Kanunumuzda yer alan bulan evlili\u011fin butlan\u0131 ve \u00f6l\u00fcme ba\u011fl\u0131 tasarruflar\u0131n iptali davas\u0131n\u0131 akla getirmektedir. Anla\u015fma temeline dayal\u0131 bo\u015fanma davas\u0131nda temyiz kudretini kaybedecek derecede ak\u0131l hastas\u0131 olan ki\u015fi protokol\u00fc imzalayarak bo\u015fanma y\u00f6n\u00fcnde beyanda bulunmu\u015fsa ve her nas\u0131lsa bu husus h\u00e2kimin dikkatinden ka\u00e7m\u0131\u015f ve h\u00e2kim ak\u0131l hastas\u0131 ki\u015finin beyan\u0131na itibar etmi\u015f bu \u015fekliyle de protokol kesinle\u015fmi\u015f h\u00fckme esas olmu\u015fsa kanaatimizce s\u00fcresiz olarak protokol\u00fcn iptali i\u00e7in dava a\u00e7\u0131labilmelidir. Ancak somut olayda irade sakatl\u0131klar\u0131 ya da yukar\u0131daki b\u00f6l\u00fcmde zikredilen saiklerden birisinin ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmesi durumunda ilgili duruma \u00f6zg\u00fc kanunlarda belirtilen s\u00fcre i\u00e7erisinde aile mahkemelerinde \u201cprotokol\u00fcn iptali\u201d davas\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. Bu durumda somut vak\u0131ada TBK m. 30 vd. d\u00fczenlenen irade sakatl\u0131klar\u0131ndan herhangi birisin vuku bulmas\u0131 ve iradenin fesada u\u011frad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u015fartlar alt\u0131na anla\u015fmal\u0131 bo\u015fanman\u0131n kesinle\u015ftiyse kanunda \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclen bir y\u0131ll\u0131k s\u00fcre i\u00e7erisinde \u201cprotokol\u00fcn iptali\u201d davas\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. \u0130lgili s\u00fcrenin ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 ve sona ermesi her somut olaya g\u00f6re ayr\u0131 olarak de\u011ferlendirilmelidir.<\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><b>SONU\u00c7<\/b><\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/strong>Bo\u015fanma protokol\u00fc doktrindeki a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131kl\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fe g\u00f6re ve kanaatimizce sui generis bir aile hukuku s\u00f6zle\u015fmesidir.Anla\u015fmal\u0131 bo\u015fanma davas\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda h\u00e2kim, taraflar\u0131n bo\u015fanmak istediklerine dair beyanlar\u0131n\u0131n her t\u00fcrl\u00fc bask\u0131dan uzak serbest iradeleri ile ifade edip etmediklerini re\u2019sen dikkate al\u0131r. Ge\u00e7erli hi\u00e7bir saik olmaks\u0131z\u0131n dahi taraflar kanunda yer alan ko\u015fullar\u0131 yerine getiriyorlarsa anla\u015farak bo\u015fanma imk\u00e2n\u0131na haizdirler. Ancak kanundaki t\u00fcm \u015fartlar yerine getirilmi\u015f olsa bile somut vak\u0131ada irade sakatl\u0131klar\u0131, gabin gibi iradeyi fesada u\u011fratan bir durum varsa h\u00e2kim taraflar\u0131n protokol\u00fcne onay vermekten ka\u00e7\u0131nmal\u0131 \u015fayet protokol (bo\u015fanma davas\u0131) kesinle\u015fmi\u015f ise de taraflara yarg\u0131laman\u0131n yenilenmesi ya da protokol\u00fcn iptali davalar\u0131 yoluna gidebilme imk\u00e2n\u0131 tan\u0131nmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p>Anla\u015fmal\u0131 bo\u015fanma ilam\u0131 kesinle\u015ftikten sonra kanaatimizce, protokol\u00fcn imzalanmas\u0131 esnas\u0131nda kar\u015f\u0131 taraf\u0131n hileli davran\u0131\u015f\u0131 neticesi iradesi sakatlanan taraf, HMK 375\/I-h f\u0131kras\u0131 uyar\u0131nca yarg\u0131laman\u0131n yenilenmesini talep edebilmelidir. Doktrindeki h\u00e2kim g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f ve Yarg\u0131tay i\u00e7tihatlar\u0131 <em>buradaki \u201chilenin\u201d di\u011fer kanunlardaki anlam\u0131ndan daha geni\u015f bir \u015fekilde anla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini vurgulamaktad\u0131r. Bu sebeple kanaatimizce, somut vak\u0131alarda meydana gelebilecek irade sakatl\u0131klar\u0131, a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 yararlanma, muvazaa gibi durumlar ilgili f\u0131kradaki hileli davran\u0131\u015f\u0131n kapsam\u0131na girmektedir ve bu sebeple yarg\u0131laman\u0131n yenilenmesi yoluna gidilebilmelidir. Ayn\u0131 saiklerle <\/em>protokol\u00fcn iptali davas\u0131 yoluna gidebilmek de m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:group --><\/p>\n<div class=\"wp-block-group\">\n<p><!-- wp:quote --><\/p>\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote\">\n<p><span style=\"font-family: var( --e-global-typography-text-font-family ), Sans-serif;\">* \u0130stanbul Barosu<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>** Makalenin tam haline \u0130stanbul Baro Dergisi 2022\/IV say\u0131s\u0131ndan ula\u015fabilirsiniz.<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>[1]\u015eeyda \u015eanl\u0131 Yay\u0131n, <em>\u201cT\u00fcrk Hukukunda Anla\u015fmal\u0131 Bo\u015fanma\u201d<\/em>, Y\u00fcksek Lisans Tezi, \u0130stanbul, 2017, s.18.<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>[2]Helin Neval Tekin, <em>\u201cT\u00fcrk Hukukunda Anla\u015fmal\u0131 Bo\u015fanma\u201d<\/em>, Y\u00fcksek Lisans Tezi, \u0130stanbul, 2017, s.39.<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>[3]<em>\u201c&#8230;Taraflar anla\u015fmal\u0131 olarak 4721 say\u0131l\u0131 T\u00fcrk Medeni Kanununun\u00a0166\/3 maddesi uyar\u0131nca bo\u015fanm\u0131\u015flar ve bo\u015fanmaya ili\u015fkin karar 29.1.2010 tarihinde kesinle\u015fmi\u015ftir. Davac\u0131 kad\u0131n taraf\u0131ndan 3.5.2010 tarihinde a\u00e7\u0131lan manevi tazminat ( TMK.md.\u00a0174\/2 ) evlilik birli\u011fi devam ederken davac\u0131 kad\u0131n\u0131n, e\u015finden \u015fiddet ve k\u00f6t\u00fc muamele g\u00f6rmesine dayal\u0131d\u0131r. Bo\u015fanma karar\u0131 taraflar\u0131n anla\u015fmalar\u0131na dayand\u0131\u011f\u0131na g\u00f6re, davac\u0131n\u0131n bo\u015fanmadan sonra, bo\u015fanma sebebiyle art\u0131k manevi tazminat talep etmesi m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fildir. Taraflar aras\u0131nda anla\u015fmal\u0131 olarak bo\u015fanmaya karar verilmi\u015f olmas\u0131 durumunda, bo\u015fanman\u0131n mali sonu\u00e7lar\u0131na ili\u015fkin aralar\u0131ndaki ihtilaf\u0131 nihai olarak \u00e7\u00f6zd\u00fckleri ve ili\u015fkilerini tasfiye ettiklerinin kabul\u00fc gerekir. Bu itibarla anla\u015fmal\u0131 bo\u015fanmadan sonra art\u0131k bo\u015fanma sebebiyle tazminat istenemeyece\u011fi nazara al\u0131nmadan, davac\u0131 yarar\u0131na manevi tazminata ( TMK.md.\u00a0174\/2 ) h\u00fckmedilmesi usul ve yasaya ayk\u0131r\u0131 olup bozmay\u0131 gerektirmi\u015ftir\u2026\u201d<\/em> Yarg\u0131tay 2. HD, E.\u00a02014\/18709, K. 2014\/20286,\u00a0 T. 20.10.2014. Dairenin sadakat y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn ihlali saikine dayal\u0131 ayn\u0131 y\u00f6ndeki karar\u0131 i\u00e7in bknz.: Yarg\u0131tay 2. HD, E.\u00a02011\/11544, K. 2012\/25372,\u00a0 T. 19.10.2012. Yarg\u0131tay Hukuk Genel Kurulu\u2019da yak\u0131n tarihli bir i\u00e7tihat\u0131nda ayn\u0131 y\u00f6nde karar vermi\u015ftir: <em>\u201c\u2026<\/em><em>Somut olayda davac\u0131n\u0131n maddi ve manevi tazminat taleplerinin TMK&#8217;n\u0131n 178.\u00a0maddesi uyar\u0131nca talep edildi\u011fi, kesinle\u015fen bo\u015fanma karar\u0131nda ise kusura ili\u015fkin bir de\u011ferlendirme yap\u0131lmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi taraflar\u0131n mahkeme huzurunda bo\u015fanma ve bo\u015fanman\u0131n mali sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 hakk\u0131nda uzla\u015ft\u0131klar\u0131, bu husustaki imzal\u0131 beyanlar\u0131n\u0131n tutana\u011fa ge\u00e7irildi\u011fi, b\u00f6ylelikle mahkemece TMK&#8217;n\u0131n 166\/3.\u00a0maddesine dayal\u0131 olarak bo\u015fanma karar\u0131 verildi\u011fi anla\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/em> <em>B\u00f6yle bir durumda taraflar\u0131n bo\u015fanman\u0131n mali sonu\u00e7lar\u0131na ili\u015fkin aralar\u0131ndaki ihtilaf\u0131 nihai olarak \u00e7\u00f6zd\u00fckleri ve ili\u015fkilerini tasfiye ettikleri kabul edilir. Bu itibarla anla\u015fmal\u0131 bo\u015fanmadan sonra art\u0131k bo\u015fanma sebebiyle maddi ve manevi tazminat istenemez. Di\u011fer yandan yukar\u0131da de\u011finildi\u011fi \u00fczere anla\u015fmal\u0131 bo\u015fanma davalar\u0131nda e\u015fler bo\u015fanma ve bo\u015fanman\u0131n ferileri konusunda anla\u015fm\u0131\u015f olduklar\u0131 gibi, birbirlerine herhangi bir kusur izafesinde bulunmad\u0131klar\u0131ndan ba\u015fka bir ifadeyle bu davalarda yeniden kusur ara\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131 yap\u0131lmas\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan mahkemenin eldeki davada toplad\u0131\u011f\u0131 delillere g\u00f6re belirledi\u011fi daval\u0131n\u0131n kusurlu davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n h\u00fckme esas al\u0131nmas\u0131 ve davac\u0131 yarar\u0131na maddi ve manevi tazminata h\u00fckmedilmesi do\u011fru g\u00f6r\u00fclmemi\u015ftir\u2026\u201d Yarg\u0131tay Hukuk Genel Kurulu, E. 2017\/2-3067, K. 2019\/512, T. 02.05.2019.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>[4]Zekeriya Y\u0131lmaz, <em>Medeni Usul Hukukunda Yarg\u0131laman\u0131n Yenilenmesi,<\/em> Adalet, Ankara, 2013, s.43 vd.<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>[5]Baki Kuru, <em>Hukuk Muhakemeleri Usul\u00fc, <\/em>Demir, \u0130stanbul,2001, 5. Cilt s. 5248.<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>[6]<em>&#8220;&#8230;taraflar\u0131n yetim ayl\u0131\u011f\u0131 alma, e\u015fin borcu sebebiyle mallar\u0131n\u0131 takip ve hacizden kurtarma gibi mali sebeplerle bo\u015fanma iste\u011finde birle\u015fmeleri, evlilik birli\u011finin temelinden sars\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131na karine olu\u015fturacak bir irade a\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131 olamaz. Daval\u0131n\u0131n 21.01.1991 g\u00fcnl\u00fc dilek\u00e7esi 23.01.1991 tarihli oturumdaki beyan\u0131n\u0131n samimi ve serbest bir iradenin \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn\u00fcn olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6sterdi\u011fi gibi taraflar&#8230;&#8221; <\/em>Yarg\u0131tay 2. Hukuk Dairesi, E. 7288, K. 9704, T. 17.01.1991.Yarg\u0131tay&#8217;\u0131n g\u00fcncel i\u00e7tihatlar\u0131 da ayn\u0131 y\u00f6ndedir, bknz.: Yarg\u0131tay 2. Hukuk Dairesi, E. 21176, K. 499, T. 30.01.2006.<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>[7] &#8221;&#8230;Taraflar\u0131n anla\u015farak bo\u015fanma taleplerine ve bu y\u00f6nde h\u00fck\u00fcm almalar\u0131na ra\u011fmen, h\u00fck\u00fcm tebli\u011fe verilmeyip \u00fc\u00e7 y\u0131l birlikteli\u011fin s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclmesi a\u00e7\u0131klanan iradenin samimi olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6sterir. Taraflar\u0131n halen ayn\u0131 adreste birlikte oturduklar\u0131 da tebli\u011f par\u00e7alar\u0131ndan anla\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Bir y\u0131l sonra h\u00fckm\u00fcn tebli\u011f ettirilmesi Medeni Kanunun 2. maddesiyle ba\u011fda\u015fmaz. Bu nedenle hukuka ayk\u0131r\u0131 h\u00fckm\u00fcn bozulmas\u0131 gerekmi\u015ftir&#8230; &#8220;<\/p>\n<p>Yarg\u0131tay 2. Hukuk Dairesi, E. 3032, K. 5522, T. 25.03.2009., &#8220;&#8230;Taraflar 10.11.1999&#8217;da anla\u015fmal\u0131 bo\u015fanm\u0131\u015flar ancak birliktelik devam etmi\u015f, 23.03.2002 tarihinde birliktelikten \u00e7ocuk Ayberk d\u00fcnyaya gelmi\u015f, koca bo\u015fanma ilam\u0131n\u0131 2.7.2003 &#8216;te daval\u0131 yana tebli\u011fe \u00e7\u0131karm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Taraflar\u0131n bo\u015fanma karar\u0131na ra\u011fmen evlilik birli\u011fini s\u00fcrd\u00fcrmeleri kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda h\u00e2kim \u00f6n\u00fcndeki a\u00e7\u0131klamalar\u0131 serbest ve samimi bir irade \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6stermektedir. Davac\u0131 kocan\u0131n bo\u015fanma karar\u0131ndan sonra yakla\u015f\u0131k 3 y\u0131l kar\u0131 koca gibi ya\u015fant\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrmesi, evlili\u011fin devam\u0131 hususunda g\u00fcven vermesi ve 3 y\u0131l sonra 3 y\u0131l \u00f6nceki mali \u015fartlarla bo\u015fanmay\u0131 sa\u011flamak \u00fczere karar\u0131 tebli\u011fe \u00e7\u0131karmas\u0131 Medeni Kanunun 2. maddesiyle ba\u011fda\u015fmaz. H\u00fckm\u00fcn bozulmas\u0131 gerekmi\u015ftir&#8230;&#8221;<\/p>\n<p>Yarg\u0131tay 2. Hukuk Dairesi, E. 16350, K. 1814, T. 18.02.2004., ayn\u0131 y\u00f6ndeki ba\u015fka bir karar i\u00e7in bknz.: Yarg\u0131tay 2. Hukuk Dairesi, E. 12351, K. 2001, T. 8.10.2001.<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>[8]Hande Atmaca \u00dclk\u00fc, <em>\u201cT\u00fcrk Hukukunda Anla\u015fmal\u0131 Bo\u015fanma Protokol\u00fc\u201d, <\/em>Y\u00fcksek Lisans Tezi, \u0130stanbul, 2017, s.208.<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>[9]&#8221;&#8230;Taraflar aras\u0131ndaki davan\u0131n yap\u0131lan muhakemesi sonunda mahalli mahkemece verilen, yukar\u0131da tarihi ve numaras\u0131 g\u00f6sterilen h\u00fck\u00fcm temyiz edilmekle, evrak okunup gere\u011fi g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcl\u00fcp d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcld\u00fc: Daval\u0131, temyiz dilek\u00e7esinde kocas\u0131n\u0131n tehdit ve bask\u0131s\u0131 nedeniyle bo\u015fanma davas\u0131n\u0131 kabul etti\u011fi y\u00f6n\u00fcnde beyanda bulundu\u011funu, bu kabul\u00fcne ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak anla\u015fmal\u0131 bo\u015fanmalar\u0131na karar verildi\u011fini ileri s\u00fcrerek, h\u00fckm\u00fcn bozulmas\u0131n\u0131 istemi\u015f\u2026 Bu karar kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda daval\u0131n\u0131n anla\u015fmal\u0131 bo\u015fanma h\u00fckm\u00fcne esas al\u0131nan &#8220;davay\u0131 kabul&#8221; y\u00f6n\u00fcndeki irade a\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131n\u0131n tehdit ve davac\u0131n\u0131n bask\u0131s\u0131 alt\u0131nda al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve serbest iradesini yans\u0131tmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 kabul edilmelidir. Daval\u0131n\u0131n h\u00fckme esas al\u0131nan irade beyan\u0131 &#8220;tehdit ve korkutmayla&#8221; elde edildi\u011fine g\u00f6re, taraflar\u0131n bo\u015fanma ve fer&#8217;ilerinde anla\u015fma i\u00e7inde olduklar\u0131 kabul edilemez. B\u00f6yle bir durumda da, T\u00fcrk Medeni Kanununun 166\/3. maddesine g\u00f6re bo\u015fanma karar\u0131 verilemez. \u00d6yleyse, taraflar\u0131n iddia ve savunmalar\u0131 \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde g\u00f6sterecekleri deliller toplanarak T\u00fcrk Medeni Kanununun 166\/1-2. maddesi \u015fartlar\u0131n\u0131n ger\u00e7ekle\u015fip ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmedi\u011fi saptan\u0131p, ula\u015f\u0131lacak sonucuna g\u00f6re karar verilmelidir. Bu y\u00f6nde i\u015flem yap\u0131lmak ve karar verilmek \u00fczere h\u00fckm\u00fcn bozulmas\u0131 gerekmi\u015ftir&#8230;&#8221; Yarg\u0131tay 2. Hukuk Dairesi, E. 23500, K. 27564, T. 19.11.2012.<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>[10]&#8221;&#8230;Burada s\u00f6z\u00fc edilen hilenin geni\u015f anlamda anla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131, h\u00fckme etkili olan pek \u00e7ok eylem ve hareketin hile \u015feklinde nitelendirilmesi ve olaylar\u0131n geli\u015fimine g\u00f6re ne gibi hallerin hile olu\u015fturaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131n hakim taraf\u0131ndan takdiri gerekir&#8230; Di\u011fer taraf\u0131n esasen var olan bir hatas\u0131na gayri me\u015fru bir \u015fekilde dayanma hali, hile ile ayn\u0131 niteliktedir&#8230;&#8221; Yarg\u0131tay Hukuk Genel Kurulu, E. 6\/169, K. 183, T. 19.03.2003., &#8220;&#8230;\u00d6te yandan da di\u011fer kanunlarda ve \u00f6zellikle Bor\u00e7lar Kanununda d\u00fczenlenen hilenin unsurlar\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131 kalmaks\u0131z\u0131n ne gibi ifade ve eylemlerin yarg\u0131laman\u0131n yenilenmesini gerekli k\u0131laca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 takdir etmesi gerekecektir&#8230;&#8221;Yarg\u0131tay 4. Hukuk Dairesi, E. 11279, K. 142, T. 14.01.1981.<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>[11]\u201c&#8230;TMK m. 166\/3 h\u00fckm\u00fcnde taraflarca kabul edilecek d\u00fczenleme s\u00f6z konusu oldu\u011fundan anla\u015fmal\u0131 bo\u015fanmaya dair d\u00fczenlemeyi kabul eden taraflar (hem erkek hem de kad\u0131n) davac\u0131 daval\u0131 s\u0131fat\u0131n\u0131 kendili\u011finden al\u0131r. G\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc \u00fczere anla\u015fmal\u0131 bo\u015fanma ancak taraflar\u0131n (kad\u0131n ve erkek) anla\u015fmas\u0131 ile olanakl\u0131d\u0131r. O halde mahkeme karar\u0131nda e\u015flerin davac\u0131-daval\u0131 ve daval\u0131 davac\u0131 bi\u00e7iminde g\u00f6sterilmeleri uygun olacakt\u0131r&#8230;\u201d Yarg\u0131tay 2. Hukuk Dairesi, E. 11382, K. 2844, T. 15.3.1990. \u201c&#8230;Nitekim Dairem e\u015flerin anla\u015fmas\u0131na dayal\u0131 bo\u015fanma davalar\u0131nda bir bak\u0131ma iki davac\u0131 ve iki daval\u0131 oldu\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fc sergilemi\u015ftir&#8230;\u201d Yarg\u0131tay 2. Hukuk Dairesi, E. 16712, K. 19816, T. 16.11.2009.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p><!-- \/wp:quote --><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p><!-- \/wp:group --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><strong>KAYNAK\u00c7A<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p>Demirba\u015f, Harun. \u201cT\u00fcrk Bor\u00e7lar Kanunununda Korkutman\u0131n \u015eartlar\u0131 ve Sonu\u00e7lar\u0131\u201d. Doktora, \u0130stanbul \u00dcniversitesi, 2012.<\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p>Gen\u00e7can, \u00d6mer U\u011fur. <em>Bo\u015fanma Tazminat ve Nafaka Hukuku<\/em>. \u0130stanbul: Yetkin, 2013.<\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p>K\u00f6ro\u011flu, Emre. \u201c\u0130rade Bozuklu\u011fu Hallerinden Korkutma\u201d. Doktora, Erciyes \u00dcniversitesi, 2020.<\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p>Kuru, Baki. <em>Hukuk Muhakemeleri Usul\u00fc<\/em>. C. 5. \u0130stanbul: Demir, 2001.<\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p>Sevindik, Ersin. \u201c\u0130krah\u201d. Y\u00fcksek Lisans, Marmara \u00dcniversitesi, 2008.<\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p>Tekin, Helin Neval. \u201cT\u00fcrk Hukukunda Anla\u015fmal\u0131 Bo\u015fanma\u201d. Y\u00fcksek Lisans, Bah\u00e7e\u015fehir \u00dcniversitesi, 2017.<\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p>Turgut, Dilan S\u00fcmer. \u201cAnla\u015fmal\u0131 Bo\u015fanma ve Sonu\u00e7lar\u0131\u201d. Y\u00fcksek Lisans, \u00c7ankaya \u00dcniversitesi, 2019.<\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p>\u00dclk\u00fc, Hande Atmaca. \u201cT\u00fcrk Hukukunda Anla\u015fmal\u0131 Bo\u015fanma Protokol\u00fc\u201d. Y\u00fcksek Lisans, Yeditepe \u00dcniversitesi, 2017.<\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p>Yal\u0131n, \u015eeyda \u015eanl\u0131. \u201cT\u00fcrk Hukukunda Anla\u015fmal\u0131 Bo\u015fanma\u201d. Y\u00fcksek Lisans, \u0130stanbul Ayd\u0131n \u00dcniversitesi, 2017.<\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p>Y\u0131lmaz Bilgin, Esra P\u0131nar. \u201cT\u00fcrk Hukukunda Anla\u015fmal\u0131 Bo\u015fanma\u201d. Y\u00fcksek Lisans, Maltepe \u00dcniversitesi, 2015.<\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p>Y\u0131lmaz, Zekeriya. <em>Medeni Usul Hukukunda Yarg\u0131laman\u0131n Yenilenmesi<\/em>. Ankara: Adalet, 2013.<\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p>Zehir, \u0130lknur P\u0131nar. \u201cBo\u015fanman\u0131n Yan (Feri) Sonu\u00e7 S\u00f6zle\u015fmeleri\u201d. Y\u00fcksek Lisans, \u0130stanbul Ticaret \u00dcniversitesi, 2017.<\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:separator --><\/p>\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\" \/>\n<p><!-- \/wp:separator --><\/p>\n<p><!-- wp:paragraph --><\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p><!-- \/wp:paragraph --><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\n    <div class=\"xs_social_share_widget xs_share_url after_content \t\tmain_content  wslu-style-1 wslu-share-box-shaped wslu-fill-colored wslu-none wslu-share-horizontal wslu-theme-font-no wslu-main_content\">\n\n\t\t\n        <ul>\n\t\t\t        <\/ul>\n    <\/div> \n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Hukukumuzda \u201cAnla\u015fmal\u0131 Bo\u015fanma\u201d kurumu ilk kez H\u0131fz\u0131 Veldet Velidedeo\u011flu \u00f6nc\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde haz\u0131rlanm\u0131\u015f bulunan \u201c1971 tarihli T\u00fcrk Medeni Kanunu \u00d6n Tasar\u0131s\u0131\u2019nda zikredilmi\u015f devam\u0131nda tasar\u0131 12.05.1988 tarihli ve 3444 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanunla y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe girmi\u015ftir. Sistemli bir kanun maddesi alt\u0131nda d\u00fczenlenmesi ise \u0130svi\u00e7re Medeni Kanun\u2019unda bu ve\u00e7hede ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen revizelerin T\u00fcrk Hukukuna yans\u0131mas\u0131 ile m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmu\u015f ilgili iktisap 22.11.2001 tarihli 4721 say\u0131l\u0131 T\u00fcrk Medeni Kanunu ile ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmi\u015ftir.[1]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":12179,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"elementor_header_footer","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0},"categories":[2531],"tags":[],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v20.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Anla\u015fmal\u0131 Bo\u015fanma ve Yarg\u0131laman\u0131n Yenilenmesi Davalar\u0131<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Anla\u015fmal\u0131 bo\u015fanma ilam\u0131 kesinle\u015ftikten sonra kanaatimizce, protokol\u00fcn imzalanmas\u0131 esnas\u0131nda kar\u015f\u0131 taraf\u0131n hileli davran\u0131\u015f\u0131 neticesi iradesi sakatlanan taraf, HMK 375\/I-h f\u0131kras\u0131 uyar\u0131nca yarg\u0131laman\u0131n yenilenmesini talep edebilmelidir.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/yildizkor.com\/anlasmali-bosanma\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"tr_TR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Anla\u015fmal\u0131 Bo\u015fanma ve Yarg\u0131laman\u0131n Yenilenmesi Davalar\u0131\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Anla\u015fmal\u0131 bo\u015fanma ilam\u0131 kesinle\u015ftikten sonra kanaatimizce, protokol\u00fcn imzalanmas\u0131 esnas\u0131nda kar\u015f\u0131 taraf\u0131n hileli davran\u0131\u015f\u0131 neticesi iradesi sakatlanan taraf, HMK 375\/I-h f\u0131kras\u0131 uyar\u0131nca yarg\u0131laman\u0131n yenilenmesini talep edebilmelidir.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/yildizkor.com\/anlasmali-bosanma\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Y\u0131ld\u0131z &amp; 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